It is a very striking small bird of mainly black and white coloration that is found east of the Andes. The term cayanus was used in the principles of ornithology to refer to a bird of doubtful origin, probably from the Amazon.
The toucan barbet (Semnornis ramphastinus) is a barbet in the family Semnornithidae native to the humid montane forests of western Ecuador and Colombia.
It is distinguished from other green toucans by its red rump and its song is a quasi, something nasal and repeated. Its name Aulacorhynchus comes from the Greek aulax which means furrow and rhunkhos which means beak. The epithet haematopygus comes from the Greek haima, which means blood, and pugus, which means rump.
Its name comes from the Greek Khaunos which means spongy or porous and refers to the air sacs present under the skin, chavaria probably derives from the French charivari which means murmur of noise.
The Barred Fruiteater is a large species of the fruiteater group of cotingas that resides in the northern Andes. The species ranges from western Venezuela south to western Bolivia, where it lives in temperate zone forest from 2000-3300 meters in elevation, higher than most other fruiteaters, . The Barred Fruiteater is olive above with a red bill, pale yellow markings on the greater coverts and tertials, a black terminal tail band, and yellow- and black-barred underparts. Males have a black hood while females are olive-headed; iris color varies from yellow to red to white in different parts of the range. Barred Fruiteater’s song is a high rapid series of hissing notes which is shorter in the southern part of its range.
It is a fairly polytypic species with a relatively complex taxonomy. . Its name Synallaxis comes from the Greek sunallaxis = change, which was assigned by Vieillot (1818) referring to characters that merited recognition as a different gender. The epithet azarae was established in honor of the Spanish military engineer and naturalist Felix Manuel de Azara.
The Chestnut-bellied Flowerpiercer (Diglossa gloriosissima) is a species of bird of the Thraupidae family, endemic to Colombia and that is only distributed in the western mountain range above 2,500 to 4,000 meters above sea level.
The green honeycreeper (Chlorophanes spiza) is a small bird in the tanager family. It is found in the tropical New World from southern Mexico south to Brazil, and on Trinidad. It is the only member of the genus Chlorophanes. The purplish honeycreeper (Chlorophanes purpurascens), a bird from Venezuela known only from the type specimen, is now thought to be an intergeneric hybrid between the green honeycreeper and either the red-legged honeycreeper or the blue dacnis.
The white-capped tanager (Sericossypha albocristata) is the heaviest but not the longest species of tanager, at a weight of 114 g (4 oz) and a length of 24 cm (9.5 in). This species is glossy black overall with a large white crown and a red throat (which is brightest in adult males). It occurs in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Peru at elevations of 1600–3200 m. It lives in humid forest in groups of up to 20 individuals. Flocks of these tanagers stay in tight formation, often foraging from tree to tree together. They may eat fruits, seeds, hymenoptera, and coleoptera.
It is one of the largest species in the genus. Its name Grallaria derives from the modern Latin grallarius = stilt man. The epithet squamigera derives from the Latin roots squama = scale and gerere = carry on.
